5-Year vs. 10-Year Colonoscopy for Colorectal Cancer Prevention

(FORTE Trial)

This trial examines how often individuals with 1 to 2 small, non-advanced adenomas (polyps that can become cancerous) should undergo a colonoscopy to prevent colorectal cancer. Participants will be randomly assigned to have their next colonoscopy either in 5 years and then again in 10 years, or just in 10 years. The study aims to determine if cancer rates differ between these two groups. Individuals who recently had a colonoscopy revealing 1-2 small polyps and have no history of colorectal cancer may be suitable for this trial. As an unphased trial, it offers participants the chance to contribute to research that could enhance future colorectal cancer prevention strategies.

The trial information does not specify whether you need to stop taking your current medications. Please consult with the trial coordinators for guidance.

Research has shown that colonoscopies, whether performed every 5 or 10 years, are generally safe for most people. For the 5-year check-up, studies have found it effective in preventing colorectal cancer. Specifically, one study found a very low risk of developing colorectal cancer five years after a negative colonoscopy, demonstrating the procedure's effectiveness and manageability over time.

For the 10-year check-up, studies have also shown positive outcomes. Research involving over a million people found a low chance of developing colorectal cancer over 10 years, highlighting the procedure's safety and effectiveness. Another study reported a very low risk of dying from colorectal cancer after 10 years.

Researchers are excited about this trial because it could redefine how often people need colonoscopies for colorectal cancer prevention. Currently, the standard recommendation is a colonoscopy every 10 years after a normal result, but this trial is comparing the effectiveness of 5-year versus 10-year surveillance schedules. The trial could show that more frequent screenings help catch potential issues earlier, potentially leading to better outcomes. Alternatively, it might confirm that 10-year intervals are adequate, which would mean fewer procedures for patients while still maintaining safety. This research is crucial as it may lead to more personalized and effective screening strategies.

This trial will compare the effectiveness of 5-year versus 10-year surveillance colonoscopy schedules in preventing colorectal cancer (CRC). Studies have shown that colonoscopies every 5 or 10 years can effectively reduce the risk of developing CRC. Research indicates that both schedules can prevent about 30% of CRC cases. These screenings catch cancer early, which is crucial for reducing deaths from CRC. Both methods have proven effective in lowering cancer rates and detecting cancer before it becomes more serious.²³⁴⁶⁷