Oral Etoposide for Germ Cell Cancer

This trial explores a new use for the drug etoposide (also known as Eposin, VP-16, or Vepesid) to assist individuals with germ cell tumors (GCT) that have recurred after previous treatments. The trial aims to determine if regular oral administration of etoposide can improve outcomes compared to observation without additional treatment. Ideal participants have already undergone high-dose chemotherapy and a stem-cell transplant and currently show stable or decreasing tumor markers (substances in the blood that can indicate cancer). The study includes both active treatment and observation groups to compare results. As a Phase 2 trial, the research focuses on measuring the treatment's effectiveness in an initial, smaller group of people.

The trial information does not specify whether you need to stop taking your current medications. It's best to discuss your specific medications with the trial team to get a clear answer.

Research has shown that etoposide is generally well-tolerated by patients with various types of cancer. It often treats cancers such as testicular, prostate, and lung cancer. In one study, etoposide was part of successful treatment plans for patients with germ-cell cancer.

However, like many treatments, etoposide can cause side effects. A study examining real-world data found that while some unexpected medical problems can occur, they are usually manageable. The most common side effects include low blood cell counts, which can increase the risk of infection, and mild nausea.

Unlike the standard treatments for germ cell cancer, which often involve intravenous chemotherapy, oral etoposide offers a convenient oral administration. This delivery method can make treatment more accessible and less burdensome for patients who prefer taking medication at home instead of visiting a clinic for infusions. Researchers are excited about this option because it maintains the effectiveness of traditional etoposide while potentially improving quality of life and adherence to treatment.

Research has shown that oral etoposide may help treat relapsed germ cell tumors (GCT) after high-dose chemotherapy and stem-cell transplants. In this trial, participants in the "Maintenance Oral Etoposide" arm will receive daily oral etoposide. One study found that patients who took oral etoposide daily had a 55% chance of their cancer not worsening over two years, compared to 44% for those who did not take the drug. The overall survival rate was also better, with 61% of patients on etoposide living for at least two years, compared to 52% in the group that did not take it. Additionally, about 74% of patients on etoposide were free of the disease after around three years. These results suggest that oral etoposide can effectively manage relapsed GCT.⁵⁶⁷⁸⁹