Celecoxib for Breast Cancer

This trial explores whether celecoxib, a medication typically used for pain relief, can prevent the spread of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) during radiotherapy. Researchers aim to determine if celecoxib can inhibit certain proteins, called cytokines, from promoting cancer spread during radiotherapy. The trial compares celecoxib to a placebo (a pill with no active medicine) to assess its effects on cancer cell behavior. Women who have had early-stage TNBC with no sign of cancer spread and have completed surgery might be suitable candidates for this trial. As a Phase 2 trial, this research focuses on measuring the treatment's effectiveness in an initial, smaller group, offering participants a chance to contribute to significant advancements in cancer treatment.

The trial does not specify if you need to stop taking your current medications, but you cannot participate if you are taking an NSAID (a type of pain reliever) before starting radiotherapy. It's best to discuss your current medications with the trial team.

Research has shown that celecoxib is generally safe for people. Studies have found no major safety differences between those taking celecoxib and those taking a placebo, which is a pill with no active ingredients. For instance, one study found that the survival rate, or the percentage of people still alive after a certain time, was similar for both groups. Specifically, 90% of people taking celecoxib were alive after five years, compared to 91% of those taking the placebo.

Celecoxib is unique because it is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that targets COX-2 enzymes, potentially reducing inflammation associated with breast cancer. Unlike traditional breast cancer treatments, which often include chemotherapy, hormone therapy, and targeted therapies, celecoxib works by addressing the inflammatory processes that can support cancer growth. Researchers are excited about its potential to enhance the effectiveness of radiotherapy while possibly minimizing side effects, as it is already well-known for its safety profile in treating conditions like arthritis.

Research suggests that celecoxib, which participants in this trial may receive, might help treat breast cancer by slowing the growth of cancer cells. Some studies have shown that celecoxib could be useful in cancer treatment, especially in early laboratory tests. However, other research found no major difference in results between those taking celecoxib and those taking a placebo, another treatment arm in this trial. While celecoxib offers hope due to its effects on inflammation, the evidence remains mixed. More research is needed to confirm its effectiveness in treating triple-negative breast cancer.¹²³⁶⁷